Everything about Philipp Scheidemann totally explained
Philipp Scheidemann (
26 July 1865 –
29 November 1939) was a
German Social Democratic politician, who proclaimed the Republic on
9 November 1918, and who became the first
Chancellor of the
Weimar Republic.
Beginning his career as a journalist, Scheidemann became a
Reichstag delegate for the Social Democrats in 1903, and soon rose to be one of the principal leaders of the party. During the
First World War, Scheidemann, along with
Friedrich Ebert was leader of the majority faction of the party, which continued to vote for war credits, while at the same time urging the negotiation of a compromise peace. When the Social Democrats were included in the cabinet for the first time in
Prince Max of Baden's government in October 1918, Scheidemann entered the government as a minister without portfolio.
Following the Kaiser's abdication on November 9, Prince Max resigned in favour of Ebert. Although the new government intended to support a constitutional monarchy, probably in the person of one of the Kaiser's grandsons, Scheidemann, concerned in the face of a possible workers' revolution in
Berlin, proclaimed the Republic from a balcony in the
Reichstag building, without consulting any of his colleagues. The decision proved irrevocable.
Scheidemann continued to serve as a leader in the
Provisional Government which followed for the next several months, and following the meeting of the
National Assembly in
Weimar in February 1919, Ebert was appointed
Reich President, and Scheidemann became
Chancellor, in the
Weimar Coalition with the
German Democratic Party and the
Catholic Center Party. Scheidemann resigned in June along with the DDP owing to disagreement with the
Treaty of Versailles, and never again served in the government, although he remained active in politics, serving as Mayor of
Kassel (1920-1925), and then again as a
Reichstag delegate, where he exposed military opposition to the Republic. Scheidemann went into exile following the
Nazi takeover in 1933, dying in Denmark shortly after the outbreak of the
Second World War.
Cabinet February 1919 - June 1919
Changes
March 1919 - Dr. Georg Gothein (DDP) enters the cabinet as Treasury Minister.
April 1919 - Dr. Bernhard Dernburg (DDP) succeeds Schiffer as Vice-Chancellor and Finance Minister.Further Information
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